Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Microbial or viral diseases transmitted due to sexual contact between two people are defined as sexually transmitted diseases. There are many diseases with different characteristics under this name.
Gonorrhea (Urethritis)
It is a microbial disease of the urinary tract that occurs in sexually active ages. It usually does not cause symptoms in women. The disease is transmitted after unprotected sexual intercourse with a partner carrying this microbe. It can be transmitted vaginally, anally or orally.
General symptoms:
– Frequent urination,
– Discharge from the penis,
– Vaginal discharge (most women are asymptomatic),
– Burning and pain while urinating.
Findings are usually sufficient to initiate treatment. In some patients, special cultures may be necessary.
Syphilis
Syphilis is also a sexually transmitted bacterial infection. It is transmitted in both sexes through lesions in the genital area, anal area, lips or around the mouth. It appears as a sharply defined wound in the infected area. Swelling may occur in the glands near the wound. The second stage of the disease can mimic many different skin diseases. This may sometimes cause delays in diagnosis.
In the third and final stage, serious organ damage occurs and this may result in death. It is treated with the use of antibiotics appropriate to the causative bacteria.
Genital Herpes
It is a viral disease. It is an infection that can remain silent for many years in the infected person. There are two types: type 1 and type 2. Disease may occur on the skin and mucous membranes. It is transmitted by direct skin-to-skin contact when the disease is active, that is, when lesions are present.
In some cases, there is a risk of contagion even when there are no clinical symptoms. Treatment is aimed at improving symptoms.
Wart (HPV Infection)
Warts can be found in the genital areas as well as in other parts of our body. The causative agent is the HPV virus. Some subtypes of this virus prefer the genital area predominantly. It is extremely common in society and is transmitted by direct contact with infected skin.
Treatment varies depending on the extent of the disease, but it may recur. It should be kept in mind that some subtypes of this virus can cause cervical cancer in women.
Hepatitis
It can be transmitted through semen, vaginal fluids and blood. Contamination through food and drink is not possible. As the disease progresses in the liver, it may lead to cirrhosis or even cancer. For some subtypes, protection is provided by vaccination.
HIV - AIDS
It constitutes the most important group among sexually transmitted diseases. The causative agent is the HIV virus. After virus infection occurs, a process begins that results in the collapse of the body’s defense systems. It is also possible for this disease to be transmitted to the baby through blood or during birth.
*** It should be kept in mind that there is no absolute cure for some of these diseases. Therefore, it is very important to protect against sexually transmitted diseases. Get detailed information from your doctor about contraceptive methods.